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Pakdel, Mohammad, Asle Rousta, Masoumeh, Sadegh, Mehdi, Eidi, Akram. (1404). Linalool vs linalool-loaded chitosan nanoparticles in an Aβ-induced rat model of Alzheimer’s disease: A molecular, biochemical, histological, and behavioral study. , 28(11), 1495-1504. doi: 10.22038/ijbms.2025.88638.19143
Mohammad Pakdel; Masoumeh Asle Rousta; Mehdi Sadegh; Akram Eidi. "Linalool vs linalool-loaded chitosan nanoparticles in an Aβ-induced rat model of Alzheimer’s disease: A molecular, biochemical, histological, and behavioral study". , 28, 11, 1404, 1495-1504. doi: 10.22038/ijbms.2025.88638.19143
Pakdel, Mohammad, Asle Rousta, Masoumeh, Sadegh, Mehdi, Eidi, Akram. (1404). 'Linalool vs linalool-loaded chitosan nanoparticles in an Aβ-induced rat model of Alzheimer’s disease: A molecular, biochemical, histological, and behavioral study', , 28(11), pp. 1495-1504. doi: 10.22038/ijbms.2025.88638.19143
Pakdel, Mohammad, Asle Rousta, Masoumeh, Sadegh, Mehdi, Eidi, Akram. Linalool vs linalool-loaded chitosan nanoparticles in an Aβ-induced rat model of Alzheimer’s disease: A molecular, biochemical, histological, and behavioral study. , 1404; 28(11): 1495-1504. doi: 10.22038/ijbms.2025.88638.19143

Linalool vs linalool-loaded chitosan nanoparticles in an Aβ-induced rat model of Alzheimer’s disease: A molecular, biochemical, histological, and behavioral study

Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
مقاله 5، دوره 28، شماره 11، بهمن 2025، صفحه 1495-1504    اصل مقاله (598.76 K)
نوع مقاله: Original Article
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22038/ijbms.2025.88638.19143
نویسندگان
Mohammad Pakdel1؛ Masoumeh Asle Rousta* 2؛ Mehdi Sadegh3؛ Akram Eidi1
1Department of Biology, SR.C., Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
2Department of Physiology, Za.C., Islamic Azad University, Zanjan, Iran
3Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
چکیده
Objective(s): Recent studies have increasingly focused on applying nanotechnology to treat neurodegenerative diseases. In this study, we compared the effects of the monoterpene linalool and linalool-loaded chitosan nanoparticles on key pathological features of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), including oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, neuronal death, amyloid plaque deposition, alterations in tryptophan metabolism, and memory deficit in a rat model of AD. 
Materials and Methods: An intracerebroventricular injection of Aβ42 (10 µg) was used to induce the AD model. Linalool (25 mg/kg) and nano-linalool (25 mg/kg) were administered orally once daily for 30 consecutive days. 
Results: Both linalool and nano-linalool significantly reduced malondialdehyde levels and enhanced superoxide dismutase activity in the hippocampus. They also decreased the mRNA levels of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, inhibited the up-regulation of beta-secretase, reduced amyloid plaque deposition, and attenuated pyramidal neuron death in the CA1 region. Additionally, treatment with both compounds down-regulated indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase, lowered kynurenine levels, and increased serotonin concentrations in the hippocampus. Although both treatments improved learning and spatial memory in Aβ-injected rats, nano-linalool’s effectiveness was more significant than that of linalool in modulating the molecular, biochemical, and histological parameters.
Conclusion: Encapsulating linalool in chitosan nanoparticles enhances its effectiveness in improving molecular, biochemical, and histological changes in the hippocampus of rat models of AD.
کلیدواژه‌ها
Alzheimer’s disease؛ Amyloid precursor protein - secretases؛ Hippocampus؛ Kynurenine؛ Linalool-loaded chitosan - nanoparticle؛ Oxidative stress؛ Spatial memory
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