1. Park JH, Moon JH, Kim HJ, Kong MH, Oh YH. Sedentary lifestyle: Overview of updated evidence of potential health risks. Korean J Fam Med 2020; 41:365-373.
2. Alp EC, Selamoglu Z. General approaches to the stem cell therapy in diabetes mellitus as innovative researches. J Genet Mutat 2018; 1:4-5.
3. Ruyvaran M, Zamani A, Mohamadian A, Zarshenas MM, Eftekhari MH, Pourahmad S, et al. Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) oil could improve abdominal obesity, blood pressure, and insulin resistance in patients with metabolic syndrome: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. J Ethnopharmacol 2022; 282:114590-114601.
4. Lin YT, Wu KH, Jhang JJ, Jhang JL, Yu Z, Tsai SC, et al. Hypothalamic NPFFR2 attenuates central insulin signaling and its knockout diminishes metabolic dysfunction in mouse models of diabetes mellitus. Clin Nutr 2024; 43:603-619.
5. Galicia-Garcia U, Benito-Vicente A, Jebari S, Larrea-Sebal A, Siddiqi H, Uribe KB, et al. Pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:6275-6309.
6. Yamada T, Mochiduki A, Sugimoto Y, Suzuki Y, Itoi K, Inoue K. Prolactin‐releasing peptide regulates the cardiovascular system via corticotrophin‐releasing hormone. J Neuroendocrinol 2009; 21:586-593.
7. Talas ZS, Yurekli M. The effects of enalapril maleate and cold stress exposure on tyrosine hydroxylase activity in some rat tissues. Cell Biochem Funct 2006; 24:537-540. 
8. Ozdemir I, Talas ZS, Gok Y, Ates B, Yilmaz I. Changes in tyrosine hydroxylase activity, adrenome-dullin (ADM) and total RNA levels by treatment of organoselenium compounds in rat hypothalamus exposed to 7, 12-dimethylbenzanthracene (DMBA). Fresenius Environ Bull 2010; 19:664-668.
9. Gogebakan A, Talas ZS, Ozdemir I, Sahna E. Role of propolis on tyrosine hydroxylase activity and blood pressure in nitric oxide synthase-inhibited hypertensive rats. Clin Exp Hypertens 2012;34:424-428.
10. Salmas RE, Gulhan MF, Durdagi S, Sahna E, Abdullah HI, Selamoglu Z. Effects of propolis, caffeic acid phenethyl ester, and pollen on renal injury in hypertensive rat: An experimental and theoretical approach. Cell Biochem Funct  2017; 35:304-314.
11. Ekhteiari Salmas R, Durdagi S, Gulhan MF, Duruyurek M, Abdullah HI, Selamoglu Z. The effects of pollen, propolis, and caffeic acid phenethyl ester on tyrosine hydroxylase activity and total RNA levels in hypertensive rats caused by nitric oxide synthase inhibition: experimental, docking and molecular dynamic studies. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2018; 36:609-620.
12. Sevindik M, Ajaz M, Özdemir B, Akata I, Selamoğlu Z. Oxidant/anti-oxidant potentials and heavy metal levels of Pisolithus arhizus and its effects on cardiovascular diseases. Indian J Nat Prod Resour 2021; 12:600-604.
13. Zhang L, Ip CK, Lee ICJ, Qi Y, Reed F, Karl T, et al. Diet-induced adaptive thermogenesis requires neuropeptide FF receptor-2 signalling. Nat Commun 2018; 9:4722-4741.
14. Lin YT, Chen JC. Neuropeptide FF modulates neuroendocrine and energy homeostasis through hypothalamic signaling. Chin J Physiol 2019; 62:47-52.
15. Kotlinska JH, Gibula-Bruzda E, Koltunowska D, Raoof H, Suder P, Silberring J. Modulation of neuropeptide FF (NPFF) receptors influences the expression of amphetamine-induced conditioned place preference and amphetamine withdrawal anxiety-like behavior in rats. Peptides 2012; 33:156-163.
16. Ayachi S, Simonin F. Involvement of mammalian RF-amide peptides and their receptors in the modulation of nociception in rodents. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2014; 5:158-171.
17. Waqas SFH, Hoang AC, Lin YT, Ampem G, Azegrouz H, Balogh L, et al. Neuropeptide FF increases M2 activation and self-renewal of adipose tissue macrophages. J Clin Invest 2017; 127:2842-2854.
18. Zhang L, Koller J, Gopalasingam G, Qi Y, Herzog H. Central NPFF signalling is critical in the regulation of glucose homeostasis. Mol Metab 2022; 62:101525-101534.
19. Bonfiglio JJ, Inda C, Refojo D, Holsboer F, Arzt E, Silberstein S. The corticotropin-releasing hormone network and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis: Molecular and cellular mechanisms involved. Neuroendocrinology 2011; 94:12-20.
20.Torz L, Niss K, Lundh S, Rekling JC, Quintana CD, Frazier SE, et al. NPFF decreases activity of human arcuate NPY neurons: A study in embryonic-stem-cell-derived model. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:3260-3275.
21. Nimrouzi M, Abolghasemi J, Sharifi MH, Nasiri K, Akbari A. Thyme oxymel by improving of inflammation, oxidative stress, dyslipidemia and homeostasis of some trace elements ameliorates obesity induced by high-fructose/fat diet in male rat. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 126:110079-110092.
22. Ahmed Mustafa Z, Hamed Ali R, Rostum Ali D, Abdulkarimi R, Abdulkareem NK, Akbari A. The combination of ginger powder and zinc supplement improves the fructose-induced metabolic syndrome in rats by modulating the hepatic expression of NF-κB, mTORC1, PPAR-α SREBP-1c, and Nrf2. J Food Biochem 2021; 45:e13546-13559.
23. Ebrahimzadeh Peer M, Fallahmohammadi Z, Akbari A. The effect of progressive endurance training and extract of black winter truffle on proteins levels and expression of hippocampus α-synuclein and HSF1 in the healthy and diabetic rats. Metabol Open 2023; 17:100232-100239.
24. Rasoulinejad SA, Akbari A, Nasiri K. Interaction of miR-146a-5p with oxidative stress and inflammation in complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus in male rats: Anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory protection strategies in type 2 diabetic retinopathy. Iran J Basic Med Sci 2021; 24:1078-1086.
25. Barzegaran M, Fallahmohammadi Z, Akbari A. Effect of six weeks of treadmill running on JAK1/STAT3 pathway gene expression in the basal ganglia of type-1 diabetic rats.  2023; 15:1-13.
26. Mika A, Macaluso F, Barone R, Di Felice V, Sledzinski T. Effect of exercise on fatty acid metabolism and adipokine secretion in adipose tissue. Front Physiol 2019; 10:26-33.
27. Golbidi S, Laher I. Exercise induced adipokine changes and the metabolic syndrome. J Diabetes Res 2014; 2014:726861-726877.
28. Mu WJ, Zhu JY, Chen M, Guo L. Exercise-mediated browning of white adipose tissue: Its Significance, Mechanism and Effectiveness. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:11512-11523.
29. Boström P, Wu J, Jedrychowski MP, Korde A, Ye L, Lo JC, et al. A PGC1-α-dependent myokine that drives brown-fat-like development of white fat and thermogenesis. Nature 2012; 481:463-468.
30. Maliszewska K, Kretowski A. Brown adipose tissue and its role in insulin and glucose homeostasis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:1530-1548.
31. Reed MJ, Meszaros K, Entes LJ, Claypool MD, Pinkett JG, Gadbois TM, et al. A new rat model of type 2 diabetes: the fat-fed, streptozotocin-treated rat. Metabolism 2000; 49:1390-1394.
32. Srinivasan K, Viswanad B, Asrat L, Kaul CL, Ramarao P. Combination of high-fat diet-fed and low-dose streptozotocin-treated rat: a model for type 2 diabetes and pharmacological screening. Pharmacol Res 2005; 52:313-320.
33. Zhang M, Lv XY, Li J, Xu ZG, Chen L. The characterization of high-fat diet and multiple low-dose streptozotocin induced type 2 diabetes rat model. Exp Diabetes Res 2008; 2008:704045-704054.
34. Gulsen I, Demiroglu M, Aycan A, Ucler R, Alaca I, Orhon ZN, et al. Effects of low-intensity treadmill exercise on sciatic nerve in experimental diabetic neuropathy. Anal Quant Cytopathol Histpathol 2016; 38:95-102.
35. Fallah Mohammadi Z, Falah Mohammadi H, Patel DI. Comparing the effects of progressive and mild intensity treadmill running protocols on neuroprotection of parkinsonian rats. Life Sci 2019; 229:219-224.
36. Zhang F, Hao G, Shao M, Nham K, An Y, Wang Q, et al. An adipose tissue atlas: An image-guided identification of human-like BAT and beige depots in rodents. Cell Metabolism 2018; 27:252-262.e253.
37. Kirwan JP, Sacks J, Nieuwoudt S. The essential role of exercise in the management of type 2 diabetes. Cleve Clin J Med 2017; 84:S15-S21.
38. Colberg SR, Sigal RJ, Yardley JE, Riddell MC, Dunstan DW, Dempsey PC, et al. Physical activity/exercise and diabetes: A position statement of the american diabetes association. Diabetes Care 2016; 39:2065-2079.
39. Moghetti P, Bacchi E, Brangani C, Donà S, Negri C. Metabolic effects of exercise. Front Horm Res 2016; 47:44-57.
40. Rivera-Brown AM, Frontera WR. Principles of exercise physiology: responses to acute exercise and long-term adaptations to training. PM R 2012; 4:797-804.
41. Vosselman MJ, Hoeks J, Brans B, Pallubinsky H, Nascimento EBM, Van Der Lans A, et al. Low brown adipose tissue activity in endurance-trained compared with lean sedentary men. Int J Obes 2015; 39:1696-1702.
42. Xu X, Ying Z, Cai M, Xu Z, Li Y, Jiang SY, et al. Exercise ameliorates high-fat diet-induced metabolic and vascular dysfunction, and increases adipocyte progenitor cell population in brown adipose tissue. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol
2011; 300:R1115-R1125.
43. Kistner TM, Pedersen BK, Lieberman DE. Interleukin 6 as an energy allocator in muscle tissue. Nat Metab 2022; 4:170-179.
44. Mauer J, Chaurasia B, Goldau J, Vogt MC, Ruud J, Nguyen KD, et al. Signaling by IL-6 promotes alternative activation of macrophages to limit endotoxemia and obesity-associated resistance to insulin. Nat Immunol 2014; 15:423-430.
45. Yang H-YT, Tao T, Iadarola MJ. Modulatory role of neuropeptide FF system in nociception and opiate analgesia. Neuropeptides 2008; 42:1-18.
46. Lefrere I, De Coppet P, Camelin J-C, Le Lay S, Mercier N, Elshourbagy N, et al. Neuropeptide AF and FF modulation of adipocyte metabolism: primary insights from functional genomics and effects on β-adrenergic responsiveness. J Biol Chem 2002; 277:39169-39178.
47. Herrera-Herrera ML, Salazar-Olivo LA. RFamide neuropeptides inhibit murine and human adipose differentiation. Biochem Biophys Res Commu 2008; 377:29-34.
48. Swift DL, Johannsen NM, Lavie CJ, Earnest CP, Church TS. The role of exercise and physical activity in weight loss and maintenance. Progress in cardiovascular diseases 2014; 56:441-447.
49. Dai Y, Zhao X, Chen P, Yu Y, Wang Y, Xie L. Neuropeptide FF promotes recovery of corneal nerve injury associated with hyperglycemia. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2015; 56:7754-7765.
50. Cooper JA, Watras AC, Paton CM, Wegner FH, Adams AK, Schoeller DA. Impact of exercise and dietary fatty acid composition from a high-fat diet on markers of hunger and satiety. Appetite 2011; 56:171-178.